What Testosterone Does in the Body
Produced primarily in the testes (in men) and in smaller amounts in the ovaries and adrenal glands (in women), testosterone influences:
- Muscle mass and strength
- Energy, endurance, and motivation
- Mood and stress resilience
- Libido and sexual function
- Bone density and structural support
- Cognitive performance and focus
- Metabolic efficiency and weight regulation
As testosterone changes over time, many adults notice shifts in stamina, body composition, and mental sharpness that they initially attribute to “just getting older,” even when hormone imbalance is a major contributor.
Signs of Low Testosterone in Men
Testosterone decline with age is normal, but clinically low levels may lead to more disruptive symptoms. Men may experience:
- Low energy or persistent fatigue
- Reduced libido or sexual performance changes
- Loss of muscle mass
- Weight gain, especially abdominal fat
- Mood changes, irritability, or low motivation
- Brain fog
- Decreased endurance
- Sleep disturbances or insomnia
These patterns often overlap with other conditions, which is why it is important to evaluate hormone levels in context rather than relying on symptoms alone. For a deeper dive into how low testosterone is defined and assessed, our article on understanding low testosterone provides additional detail.
Signs of Low Testosterone in Women
Women can also experience testosterone decline, particularly during perimenopause and menopause. Symptoms may include:
- Low libido
- Reduced energy
- Decreased muscle tone
- Mood changes
- Brain fog
- Reduced stamina
Because these symptoms may occur alongside estrogen and progesterone changes, a comprehensive hormone evaluation is often needed to clarify what is driving the shifts in energy, mood, and physical performance.
Signs of Elevated Testosterone
Higher-than-expected testosterone levels may lead to:
- Acne
- Hair thinning
- Increased facial hair (in women)
- Mood swings
- Oily skin
In women, elevated testosterone can also appear alongside menstrual irregularity or metabolic changes, which is why we always consider testosterone within the broader hormone and metabolic picture.
How We Evaluate Testosterone at Aligned Modern Health
We take a comprehensive approach to testosterone evaluation, reviewing both laboratory data and whole-person context. This often includes:
- Free and total testosterone levels
- DHEA and adrenal patterns
- Thyroid and metabolic markers
- Inflammation and nutrient status
- Sleep, stress, training load, and lifestyle factors
Our team uses these insights, along with the principles outlined in our
smarter hormone testing approach, to understand why testosterone has changed and which interventions are most likely to help. This allows us to address root causes, not just lab numbers.
How Treatment Helps
Personalized testosterone therapy, when clinically appropriate, may help restore:
- Strength and muscle integrity
- Energy and stamina
- Mood stability
- Sexual health
- Cognitive clarity
- Metabolic efficiency
Treatment always occurs within a supervised, evidence-based framework, ensuring careful dosing, safety, and long-term health monitoring. We also integrate lifestyle support to strengthen results, including nutrition, movement strategies, sleep, and stress regulation, so patients feel more like themselves again. If you are considering hormone therapy, we encourage you to schedule an appointment and talk with a provider about the best path forward.